Determining the heritability of grain Yield and Yield Components related to drought tolerance in wheat through diallel cross

چکیده مقاله

In order to determine inheritance of some morphological and physiological characteristics related to drought tolerance in wheat of bread, on a 5 × 5 diallel cross at the Azad Islamic University of Ardebil in 2008. Obtained Seeds with parents were cultivated on the farm and in Normal, efficient moisture conditions and terminal drought. The results showed that plant height (under stress), weight of thousand grain (under stress) and seed Yield (under stress) were controlled by partial dominance and the number of seeds in Spike, weight of thousand grain (non-stress conditions) seed Yield (non-stress conditions) were controlled by dominance. In other words, plant height was controlled by partial dominance and Narrow sense heritability of plant height was about 62%. So selection for this characteristics was simple and is applicable in early corrective generations. Number of seeds per spike was controlled by over dominance and Narrow sense heritability of the number of grains per spike was about 61%. So selection for these characteristics must be done in advanced generations and through progeny testing. Weight of thousand grain under stress was controlled by partial dominance and non-stress condition was controlled by over dominance. Narrow sense heritability of 1000 grain weight under stress conditions was high and in non-stress was moderate. So it can be concluded that selection for 1000 grain weight under stress is easier and it is possible in the early generation. Seed Yield per area unit in non-stress condition was controlled by over dominance and under the stress was controlled by partial dominance and it had a low to moderate heritability. Several studies have shown that seed Yield in bushes is controlled by over dominance effects.

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